WDA members have completed all the different elements of the first edition of the research report for the Sadhana Clean Water Project. It can be found in pdf form here.

In many ways, this benchmark signals a close on our work on the Sadhana project, at least for the time being. The Sadhana project was an ambitious and ultimately successful undertaking, and I would like to congratulate and thank everyone who supported the project. We could not have completed any part of the project, including this report, without the significant hard work and dedication contributed by everyone who has been a part of the WDA team over the past several years. We owe you all our deepest thanks, and it has truly been a pleasure to work with each and every one of you.

- Tim Shadix

This is a very exciting benchmark, especially as we begin our next project, the Transnational Community Development Initiative.

From an article by Rashmi Menon published on 23 March 2008:

On his first trip to India, Tim Shadix may seem like an average American tourist. But this student of politics major in Whitman College, Walla Walla, US, has come down with a purpose, a social one at that. And he is not alone.

Read the whole thing on their website!

For coverage we’ve received in the past, please visit our pressroom.

This week has already been one of the most informational and eye-opening in my life, and it’s only halfway over. The water situation in India, and around the world for that matter, has apparently been the elephant in the 16 x 9 dorm room; it is simply astounding how much this discussion should be a part of everyone’s lives. Water encompasses everything. It is a poverty issue, it is a women’s rights issue, it is an education issue, and it is a development issue. Even in the valley we are working in, there are complexities upon complexities upon complexities. It could take an entire career to scratch the surface.

Enough stating the obvious. We’ll see what we can cover in the short weeks we have.

I arrived on Saturday to the warm hospitality of Anat and everyone else at MUWCI. My travel plans apparently weren’t communicated clearly, yet they quickly sent a jeep down to Paud village to come pick me up. A couple of hours later, another mixup of times and appointments, I rode back down the hill with Maya and Samir of the Comm-d team to meet with Medathai of Sadhana Village.

Our meeting went much better than I expected, maybe again because I didn’t know what to expect to begin with, and conversation flowed, well, like water. The first topic was on how well the survey groups went, and then we drifted towards designing the focus groups like a ship to rocks. The challenge was not a conflict of opinions, rather it was a lack of understanding of the valley. On my part. I could not voice what groups we wanted to include in discussion nor what answers we hoped to come of the meetings.

The following couple of days were then partially dedicated to developing a plan of attack. We needed questions which would preferably follow up on issues raised during the survey but would also provoke discussion, not responses of two or three sentences. Our goal was and is to inspire passionate debate about water access.

For the most part, the focus groups have been a mixture of both, a nice broth of success I could’ve guessed would happen. In order to ask the bigger questions about a community dynamic, we need to first understand how the community works. How it functions. Where they go for their milk. The format to achieve this, or at least what we’ve learned over the previous two days, is as follows: the participants, a Marathi speaker to lead discussion and ask questions, a few note takers, and a couple more observers to create inane questions to ask. In all honesty, the afternoon sessions we’ve conducted have been thoroughly enjoyed by everyone. The villagers appreciate us asking about their water situation, and we wonder at the marvelous insights the responses offer.

A question has been raised as to whether we are actually conducting focus groups or just holding interviews. For instance, the very first conversation we had was with the pipe manager from Chikalgaon. He is paid to turn the pump on and off every morning. To begin to understand the issues faced by the village, we had to first know how the distribution system works. The bulk of our discussion with him revolved around these specifics, as opposed to questions like, “How do you rate water issues compared to kid’s education, healthcare, women’s rights, etc?” Yet, at the same time, we gained far more practical, useful information from the dialogue than if we had forced an abstract subject. It illustrates the most pertinent issue, too; because water access in the valley is an everyday challenge, the things the villagers are most worried about are the simple details.

When I met with Ashwin of Gomukh on Monday, we spent a bulk of our two hours talking about the project’s established focus, the “cultural, social, and religious constraints to Appropriate Water Technology.” His argument, if I can try to paraphrase and summarise it correctly, is that the sentence itself seems to imply there are faults within Indian culture, society, and religion themselves which are the sources of issues related to water access. In this hypothetical scenario, for instance, religion would say only specific castes should have access to a certain water source. In reality, this is not the case and it is the complex social institution I am at no liberty to try and describe which causes these injustices. Seeing his point, I now realise it is difficult to delineate between his reading and our intended presentation. I think this type of misunderstanding will be the topic of a few pages for the report.

The dirtiest task I’ve had to take the lead on while at MUWCI is digitizing the data we’ve collected. Results from 141 surveys need to be painstakingly hand-typed into the ad-hoc spreadsheet we’re using for storage at the moment. As I write this, there have been two Comm-d students working beside me for the past hour on one a piece. Needless to say, it is somewhat of black hole. They aren’t the only information which should be put online either, there are now pages of notes from the focus groups in good ol’ fashioned handwriting. After finishing Natural Capitalism, I’ve prided myself in being able to look at systems and find easier and more efficient ways to achieve the same aims. Unfortunately, I have yet to find a method of dodging grunt work.

And to think the rest of the team was worried they wouldn’t enough work to do. The next week and a half will be filled with even more discussions, testing, and data compilation than the past few days. I guess we’ll write the report when we have time, eh?

For the last few months we have been conducting these water surveys in the surrounding villages. Our procedure is simple; we go down to the villages, we try to find our contact persona and otherwise someone else and we ask them if we could ask some questions, but from this point it becomes slightly more difficult. Most of us don’t speak any Marathi (maybe a bit of Hindi, thodi thodi) and most of the villagers don’t speak any English. Therefore we always ask a Marathi speaker to come with us, to do the translations. However of course sometimes questions and answers are lost in translation, or there is just general misunderstanding. I suppose the most common one is that we ask if we could ask something about the water and the woman nods and we are seated on a mat (so far so good), then you can here a tap running and a long pause and then she returns; holding three cups of water in her hand; Panni?

Although I can’t speak Marathi, I still feel I’m learning something from this experience. Firstly I learn a lot about doing surveys, with that I mean, assessing who to approach, being aware of how you pose a question (the surveyor for instance has to understand the purpose of the question to be able to pose it) and also discovering the thin line of what you can and can’t ask sometimes, addressing the taboos without offending anyone. Also when doing the survey I found out the importance of knowing the communities well, that otherwise there is a big chance that your questions might be misinterpreted. Even more this experience has taught me a lot about the daily life of the communities in Kolwan Valley because although one might say the glasses of water they drink per day is not really going to give you an isight in to their lifes, partly it did. Collecting water is an important part of their daily routine, similiarly with other questions I did feel I got a better view of what their day actually looks like.

During the water surveys I usually had the task of writing down the answers to the questions, a task that seems simple enough but actually wasn’t. Except for the obvious difficulties of having to try to distinguish in the fast conversation between English and Marathi it was also trying to get the answers of the people down as accurately as possible. Again lost in translation-related issues, but also sometimes selecting what is relevant to the survey (is it important enough to mention that the Sacred Grove nearby is annually used for an animal fair?!) and what is irrelevant.

Lastly, I learned where their water is usually from and how they get it and was therefore able to compare it our situation here, and my lack of knowledge on that. Just to compare:

(village) From the river Muslhi in to a well, add tablets to well, have pipes from well to water pump, go from house (10 min) to well with three buckets between specific two hour period that it is open, walk back with 60 litre of water on head

(us) Walk outside the door and open the tap

Written by Ernestine, Comm-d Group

Although I’ve been in India for a full two weeks now, it is only today which I’ve solidly gotten into the study group aspect of the project.

As hinted to in previous writing and correspondence, Mahindra United World College of India is literally on top of a hill. Not a lumpy thing, its sides slope upwards quite steeply and the campus is accessible by a 5 KM road winding up from the nearest village of Paud. The hill itself is in a valley boxed in by ridges much like the Portland to Walla Walla drive, maybe a wee bit higher. The college is on the side of the millton (hill/mountain) facing Pune; the basin in the opposing direction, behind MUWCI, is the Kolwan Valley.

From my vantage point near the top earlier this evening, it looks as though there is one major river winding through the basin. Most areas surrounding the water are green rice fields and browning bald spots. As you look higher up on the sides enclosing the valley system, it becomes increasingly more and more barren. Oddly enough, there are patches of trees scattered here and there. I also heard, in contrast, that the entire area is a bright green in the months following the monsoon. Unfortunately, there is very, very little rain during the 8 dry months.

Involved with implementing the survey are 20+ MUWCI students. Teams have been going out every Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday at 1430 and return at 1700. One source of difficulty is that few of the community development team (”com-d” for short) speak Marathi, the local language. The implementing teams can usually talk 2 to 3 people into going out each afternoon, but it does not consistently mean the same surveyors with the same experience.

We went out this afternoon to a village called Kalmuli (spelled phonetically) which is just near the base of the hill. Since Ashwin of Gomukh has graciously offered to help us survey the Kolwan Valley, teams from MUWCI will now take villages within a 10 KM distance and social workers who are friends of Ashwin will help procure results beyond that point. Upon arriving at the village, we looked for the contact we had on the list of villages but could not find him. I believe if we had he would’ve been able to point to which households should be queried and the like. Apparently not finding the contact is common. Our survey respondents were then found by splitting into two groups of three and wandering the village randomly.

The first person we came in contact with knew how to read Marathi. We left the survey with him and moved on to find another household. At the second household, we interviewed a woman in her later years. From my observations, it seems as if almost fifty percent of the questions require some form of follow up statement to either clarify the question or clarify what we want in our response. Since we are now using Gomukh’s version of the survey, I am unsure as to whether this confusion is because of the wording of the questions or the topics themselves. At a com-d meeting this evening, we decided we would stick with this version of the survey all of the way through so that we don’t have yet another one to contend with when compiling results. Any questions we would like to clarify on we will do so during the focus groups.

As I’ve mentioned before, these are the constraints MUWCI has come across so far:

• Not having enough people who speak Marathi to translate
• Not having substantial time to implement the survey
• Questions which are vaguely worded or have unclear objectives

I’m sure there are more but I am blanking at the moment. I will let others clarify in the comments.

From here, the tentative plan is to:

1. Continue implementing the survey for the next ten days
2. Start typing and compiling results in that time period
3. Start planning how we will schedule the focus groups in that same time period
4. Implement the primary round of focus groups with MUWCI during the 1st through 6th
5. Implement secondary round of focus groups with Sadhana and Gomukh beyond 7th
6. Work on compiling other necessary materials for report beyond that date
7. Stakeholder meeting on either 16th or 17th to discuss results and implication of survey

All of that being said, it is hot, dusty, and pretty ballin’. I’m excited to see the tentative results of the survey because I haven’t yet already. There should be some pretty interesting stuff we come up with.